标准库 io/ioutil

2021-03-11 | 129 浏览

标准库io/ioutil

1.ioutil.ReadFile

他读取整个个命名文件的内容

func main() {
	counts := make(map[string]int)

	for _, filename := range os.Args[1:] {
		data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(filename)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "dup3：%v\n", err)
			continue
		}

		for _, line := range strings.Split(string(data), "\n") {
			counts[line]++
		}
	}
	for line, n := range counts {
		if n > 1 {
			fmt.Printf("%d\t%v\n", n, line)
		}
	}
}

2.ioutil.ReadAll

ioutil.ReadAll读取整个响应结果并存入b中

func main() {
	for _, url := range os.Args[1:] {
		resp, err := http.Get(url)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "fetch: %v\n", err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
		b, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, "fetch:reading %s: %v\n", url, err)
			os.Exit(1)
		}
		fmt.Printf("%s\n", b)
	}
}

3.io.Copy

io.Copy函数读取响应的内容,然后通过写入ioutil.Discard输出流进行丢弃,Copy返回字节数以及出现的任何错误.

示例

func fetch(url string) (filename string, n int64, err error) {
	resp, err := http.Get(url)
	if err != nil {
		return "", 0, err
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	local := path.Base(resp.Request.URL.Path)
	if local == "/" {
		local = "index.html"
	}
	f, err := os.Create(local)
	if err != nil {
		return "", 0, err
	}
	n, err = io.Copy(f, resp.Body)
	// Close file, but prefer error from Copy, if any.
	if closeErr := f.Close(); err == nil {
		err = closeErr
	}
	return local, n, err
}

//!-

func main() {
	for _, url := range os.Args[1:] {
		local, n, err := fetch(url)
		if err != nil {
			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "fetch %s: %v\n", url, err)
			continue
		}
		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s => %s (%d bytes).\n", url, local, n)
	}
}

示例

func main() {
	start := time.Now()
	ch := make(chan string)
	for _, url := range os.Args[1:] {
		go fetch(url, ch) // start a goroutine
	}
	for range os.Args[1:] {
		fmt.Println(<-ch) // receive from channel ch
	}
	fmt.Printf("%.2fs elapsed\n", time.Since(start).Seconds())
}

func fetch(url string, ch chan<- string) {
	start := time.Now()
	resp, err := http.Get(url)
	if err != nil {
		ch <- fmt.Sprint(err) // send to channel ch
		return
	}

	nbytes, err := io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body)
	resp.Body.Close() // don't leak resources
	if err != nil {
		ch <- fmt.Sprintf("while reading %s: %v", url, err)
		return
	}
	secs := time.Since(start).Seconds()
	ch <- fmt.Sprintf("%.2fs  %7d  %s", secs, nbytes, url)
}

4.ioutil.Discard

io.Copy函数读取响应的内容,然后通过写入ioutil.Discard输出流进行丢弃

func main() {
	start := time.Now()
	ch := make(chan string)
	for _, url := range os.Args[1:] {
		go fetch(url, ch) // start a goroutine
	}
	for range os.Args[1:] {
		fmt.Println(<-ch) // receive from channel ch
	}
	fmt.Printf("%.2fs elapsed\n", time.Since(start).Seconds())
}

func fetch(url string, ch chan<- string) {
	start := time.Now()
	resp, err := http.Get(url)
	if err != nil {
		ch <- fmt.Sprint(err) // send to channel ch
		return
	}

	nbytes, err := io.Copy(ioutil.Discard, resp.Body)
	resp.Body.Close() // don't leak resources
	if err != nil {
		ch <- fmt.Sprintf("while reading %s: %v", url, err)
		return
	}
	secs := time.Since(start).Seconds()
	ch <- fmt.Sprintf("%.2fs  %7d  %s", secs, nbytes, url)
}

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